Evaporating and concentrating apparatus.



J. E. DUNN.

BVAPORATING AND GONGENTRATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 18, 1910.

Patented June 20, 1911.

2 SHBBTSSHBET 1.

WITNESSES:

' J. E. DUNN. 4 EVAPORATING AND OONOENTRATING APPARATUS. APPLIOATIONFILED JULY 18, 1910.

995,776, Patented June 20,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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w 35/ i Y 4! w/z/vssszs: l/WE/VTOI? 147' 7' ORA E K rm rrn @TATES PATENTFFTE i JOSEPH E. DUNN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PEIFNSYLVANIA.

EVAPORATING AND CONCENTRATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 20, 1911.

Application filed July 18, 1910. Serial No. 572,536.

' To all whomtt may concern:

ing apparatus of the ascending film type,

but features thereof may be used with bulk circulating apparatuswhichreturns liquid for recirculation, my object being to increase theefliciency of apparatus of both types.

Leading purposes of my improvements are to withdraw vapor initially fromthe heated fluid to be treated and to siphon the films by further vaporcreated in the separated liquid by its contact with evaporatingsurfaces.

In the preferred embodiment of my invention, the fluid to be treated isdelivered to an expansion chamber, whence the liquid descends to asupply chamber and the vapor ascends to a separating chamber connectedwith the supply chamber by externally heated evaporating tubescontaining inter-v nally heated evaporating tubes, vapor being producedin the liquid in the supply chamber by contact with heating surfaces andfilms or thin layers .ofliquid being carried upwardly from the supplychamber over the heating surfaces to the separating chamber.

My invention comprises the foregoing characteristics and specialfeatures adapted to be used therewith, which are fully disclosed in thefollowing description and the accompanying drawings in .illustrationthereof.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation :of a multiple effectapparatus embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation ofan effect having a modified construction; Fig. 3 is a sectionalelevation of an effect representing a further form of my improvements;and Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of the tops of concentric tubes withmeans for supportin them.

The apparatus, as'represente in Fig. 1, comprises a duct 1 whichdelivers fluid to be treated to a separator comprising the expansionchamber 2 having its bottom con. nected by a duct 3 with a supplychamber 4 and its top connected by. a duct 5 with a separating chamber6, the supply chamber being connected with the separating chamber byevaporating tubes 7 passing through the sheets 8 and 9 formin the endsof the heating chamber 10 which incloses the tubes.

The chamber 10, to which steam is supplied by a conduit 11, is connectedby a duct 12 with a heating chamber 13 separated from the supply chamber4 by the sheet- 14. Tubes 15, communicating with the chamber 13, are setin the sheet 14 and extend upwardly within the tubes 7 preferably .to

terminations below the tops of the latter, the tops of thednner tubesbeing held in position by spiders 16 (Fig. 4). These tubes 15 have theirtops closed excepting small vents 17 adapted for passing any substantialamount of air without passing vapor therethrough.

The tubes 7 extend well into the supply chamber 4 and have their lowerends disposed beneath the discharge endof the duct 3. A baflle 18 isplaced in the supply chamber, around thelower end of the tubes, so as todistribute the discharge from the duct 3,

the duct discharging. against the baffle. A

baflle 19, within the chamber 6, surrounds the upper ends of the tubes7, which extend through the sheet 9 into the separating chamber, thebaffle having a lip 19' extending outwardly and downwardly from the 'topthereof. A bafiie 20, having the centrally disposed inverted cone 20 andthe skirt 20 extending outwardly and downwardly, is supported in theseparating chamber above the tubes 7 by a shaft 21 vertically adjustablein bearings 22 and 23 by the wheel 24.

A baflle 25 is supported within the chamber 6 above the smaller baffle20, the larger baffle being of such diameter that a comparatively narrowspace 26 is left between it and the wall of the separating chamber forthe escape of vapor to the top of the chamber. Tubes 28 provide passagesfor liquid on the flat baflie 25 to the .bottom of the separatingchamber. A vapor conduit 27 leads from the top of the separatingchamber, above the bafile 25, and a liquid duct 29 leads from the bottomof the separating chamber, below the top of the baffle 19. The pipe 29discharges to a second effect comprising anexpansion chamber 2 connectedby a. duct 3 with a supply chamber 4* and by a duct 5 with theseparating chamber 6; the supply chamber being connected with theseparating chamber by tubes 7 a which pass through the heating chamber10 to which vapor is delivered by the conduit 27. A duct 12 connects thechamber 10 with a heating chamber 13. Tubes 15 communicate with thechamber 13 and extend upwardly through the chamber 4 through the tubes 7to terminations below the tops thereof. A baflle 18" is placed in thesupply chamber 4* between the '30, connects the bottom of the chamber 10with the bottom of the chamber 10 to permit the passage of water, steamor hot va or from one chamber to the other. The not 29 discharges to athird effect com rising the expansion chamber 2 connecte by a duct 3with the supply chamber 4* and by the duct 5 with the separating chamber6, the supply chamber and separating chamber bein connected by theevaporating tubes 7 w ich pass through the heating chamber 10 to wh1chvapor is admitted from the top of the chamber 6 by the conduit 27*. Aduct 12 connects the chamber 10 with the heating chamber 13 whichcommunicates with the tubes 15 extending through the chamber 41 upwardlyin the tubes 7 to terminations below the tops thereof. A baflle 18 isdisposed between the outlet from the duct 3* and the ends of the tubes 7which extend into the chamber 18". A baifie 19 extends around the upperends of the tubes thereof. A pipe 30.,s1milar in function to the pipe30, connects the bottoms of the chambers 10 and 10 The heated fluid tobe treated is admitted to the expansion chamber 2 under control,-the

pressureis relieved, the liquid is discharged from the bottom of thechamber through the duct 3 to the supply chamber 4 and sepa;

rated vapor rises from the top of the expansion chamber through the duct5 t0 the separating chamber 6, the liquid to be further treated beingthus relieved initially of vapor. The supply chamber 4 is preferablykept full of liquid. which fills the tubes 7 say to the level of thesheet 8. The temv pe'r'ature of the comparatively thin cylindrical shellofliquid in the lower ends of the tubes 7 is raised by contact with theexterior surfaces of the lower ends of the tubes 15 heated by steamrising therein from the chamber 4: -Va-por is thus generated in thesupply chamber, primarily'within the lower ends of the tubes 7 andthereby liquid films.

are carried upward along the heating surfaces of the concentric tubesand evaporated. The vapor with the entrained liquid discharged from thetops of the tubes 7 strikes the baffle- 20 which spreads and deflectsthem downwardly and outwardly, the liquid passing over the lip of thebaffle 19 to the bottom of the chamber 6 and the vapor rising around thebaffle 25 to the conduit 27. The fluid collected in the bottom of thechamber 6, being discharged through the duct 29 to the chamber 2? andthere permitted to expand, the contained vapor is separated, the liquiddescending through the duct 3 to the supply chamber 4 and the vaporrising through the duct 5 to the separating chamber 6. The liquid in thesupply chamber 4 is carried in the form of films upwardly along theinterior surfaces of the tubes 7 and the exterior surfaces of the tubes15 as previously described. In this',.second eflect, however, the tubes7 and 15 are less in -number and larger in diameter than the tubes 7 and15, so that with the higher vacuum, thegreater expansion of the vaporand the higher velocity of flow in the second effect, substantially thesame amount of evaporation is obtained inthe second as in the firstefiect. The vapor separatedfrom the liquid in the chamber 6, being discharged through the conduit 27 to heat the chamber 10 and the separatedliquid being discharged through the duct 29 to the chamber 2, vaporcontained in the liquid rises through the duct 5 to the chamber 6" andthe liquid remaining descends through the duct 3 to the supply chamber4, whence ltlS carried upwardly in films in contact with the heatingsurfaces of the tubes 7 and 15". These tubes are less in number andlarger in diameter than the tubes 7 and 15, being designed so that theywilldo substantially the same amount of evaporation as each of thepreceding eflects under the different conditions the third effect beingsubject to higher vacuum, whereby the expansion of the vapor and thev'elocity of flow are proportionately increased. The fluid deliveredfrom the tubes 7 to the chamber 6 there has the vapor separated from theconcentrated liquid, as previously described.

Fig. 2 represents the application \of improvements of my inventiontoasingle effect,

m which thin cylindrical columns of liquid mixed with vapor arecarriedupwardly between concentric tubes and the liquid discharged is returnedfor recirculation. The

through the duct 31 to the expansion chamextended into the chamber 36.A'heating chamber 39 communicates with the lower ends of tubes 40 whichextend upwardly through the chamber 34 into the tubes 37 to terminationsbelow the tops of the latter, the tops of the tubes 40 having ventstherein as previously described. A conduit 41 ex- 2 tends downwardlyfrom the bottom of the chamber 36, through the chamber 38, to an outletnear the bottom of the chamber 34, to return liquid from the separatingto the supply chamber.

Fig. 3 represents the application of im .provements of my invention to afurther form of single efi'ect apparatus, in which liquid is carriedupwardly between concentric tubes and returned to the supply chamber.The fiuid to be treated is introduced through the duct 31 into thechamber 32 where vapor is separated from the liquid, the liquiddescending through the duct 33 to the supply chamber 34 and the vaporrising through the duct 35 to the separating chamber 36*. A heatingchamber 39' communicates with the lower ends of tubes 40 which extendupwardly through the chamber 34 into the tubes 37 to terminations belowthe tops of the latter, the tops of the tubes 40 having vents therein aspreviously described. A return pipe or down comer 41 connects the bottomof the separating cham ber 36 with the supply chamber 34 for the returnof liquid discharged to the chamber 36 the vapor passing therefromthrough the conduit 47. The outer tubes may have their lower ends,extending into the supply chamber, beveled, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3and 'as previously shown in my Mexican Patent No. 2014 of 1900.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In an evaporating apparatus, aheating chamber, a set of tubes extending through said heating chamber,a supply chamber communicating with said tubes, a separating chamber towhich said tubes discharge, a second set of tubes disposed in said tubesfirst named, a heating chamber communicating with the interiorof saidsecond set of tubes, and separating means having a duct for deliveringliquid to said supply chamber and a duct for delivering vapor to saidseparating chamber.

2. In an evaporating apparatus, a fluid duct, an expansion chamber intowhich said duct discharges, a liquid duct leading from the bottom ofsaid chamber, a vapor duct leading from the top of said chamber, a

The

supply chamber into which said liquid duct discharges, a separatingchamber into which said vapor duct discharges, tubes connecting saidsuppl-y chamber and said separating chamber, and a heating chamberthrough which said tubes pass. I

V 3. In an evaporating apparatus, a supply chamber, a separatingchamber, one or more substantially vertical tubes connecting saidchambers and extending into said supply chamber, a heating chamberthrough whlch said tube or tubes extend, one or more tubes disposed insaid tube or tubes first named and extending through said supplychamber, and a heat-ing chamber communicating with the ends of saidsecond named tubes passing through said supply chamber.

4. In an evaporating apparatus, upright tubes, tubes within said tubesfirst named, said second named tubes having their tops closed exceptingair vents, a heating cham ber surrounding said tubes, a heating chambercommunicating with the lower ends of said second named tubes, a supplychamber communicating with the lower ends of said first named tubes anda separating chamber with which the upper ends of said first named tubescommunicate.

5. In an evaporating apparatus, a set of upright tubes, a set of tubesdisposed within said tubes first named, said second set of tubes havingtheir upper ends within said first named tubes, -a heat-ing chambersurrounding said tubes, a supply chamber into which the lower ends ofsaid first named tubes extend, a heating chamber communicating with saidsecondnamed tubes through the lower ends thereof, and a separatingchamber in which the upper ends of said first named tubes extend.

6. In an evaporating apparatus, a supply chamber, a separating chamber,a heating chamber, evaporating tubes extending through said heatingchamber, said tubeshaving their lower ends extended into said supplychamber, a duct for delivering liquid to said supply chamber above theinlets to said tubes, tubes disposed within the first named tubes, and aheating chamber communicating with said second named tubes.

7. In an evaporating apparatus, a supply chamber, a separating chamber,a heating chamber, a set of tubes extending through said heatingchamber, said tubes connecting said supply chamber and said separatingchamber, a second set of tubes extending through said first named tubes,a heating chamber communicating with said second named set of tubes,anda duct connecting said heating chambers.

8. In an evaporating apparatus, a set of substantially vertical tubes, asupply chamher into which the lower ends of said tubes extend, a ductfor delivering liquid to said supply chamber, and a baflie extendingaround the ends of said tubes in said supply chamber.

9. In an evaporating apparatus, a separating chamber, a set of tubesdischarging into said chamber, a baflle in said chamber above saidtubes, a second baflie in said chamber above said bafile first named, aduct for discharging liquid below said first named battle and a conduitfor discharging vapor above said second named baflie.

10. In an evaporating apparatus, the combination of several effects eachcomprising an expansion chambeifla supply chamber, a ductv connectingthe bottom of said first named chamber with said supply chamber, aseparating chamber, and a duct connecting the top of said first namedchamber with said separating chamber, the separating 'chamber of oneeffect being connected with the expansion chamber of the succeedingeifect. p

11. In an evaporating apparatus, an effect comprising a heating chamber,a set of tubes passing through said heating chamber, a supply chambercommunicating with said tubes, and a separating chamber with which saidtubes communicate, in combination with a second efiect comprising aheating chamber, passing through said last named chamber a set of tubesof less number and larger diameter than said first named tubes, a supplychamber communicating with said second named tubes, a separating chamberwith which said second named tubes communicate, and a duct connectingsaid first named separating chamber with said second named supplychamber.

12': In an evaporatlng apparatus, effect. 1:. 4 comprising a heatingchamber, a set of tubes passing through said heating chamber, a supplychamber communicating with sald tubes, a separating chamber with whichsaid tubes communicate, a second heating chamber, and tubes passing fromsaid second heating chamber through said supply chamber into said tubesfirst named in combination with a second eflect comprising a heatingchamber, passing through said last named chamber a set of tubes of lessnumber and larger diameter than said first named tubes, a supply chambercommunicating JOSEPH E. DUNN,-

Witnesses:

ROBERT JAMES EARLEY, Joe. G. DENNY, Jr.

